To vaccinate or not is a big debate. Even if you’re a closed herd, there are things in the environment your cattle can be exposed to and you will have consequences to deal with if they are not immune to it.
Combination vaccines can cover several diseases including black leg, tetanus, pink eye, respiratory diseases and more.
We can’t protect our cattle from all disease with vaccines, but we can avoid many of them and therefore eliminate heartache and loss.
https://extension.umn.edu/beef-cow-calf/cattle-vaccine-basics