Farm Management

Honoring the Matriarchs of the Pasture

Seasoned, Sensible, and Still Running the Herd

There is a certain peace that settles over a pasture when mature cows are part of the herd. It’s not loud or dramatic, but it is unmistakable. These cows move with confidence, graze without hurry, and respond to the rhythms of the day as if they were written into them long ago. They offer calmness not only to themselves, but to everyone around them.

Mature cows are tried and true. They have lived long enough to show you exactly who they are. Their structure is finished, their udders are known qualities, and their temperaments are no longer a mystery. A mature cow that has already proven herself through her progeny is not a gamble; she is a shortcut. She brings calmness and steadiness into the pasture. She knows the routine of motherhood. They know the value of good grass and warm sun, of shade on a hot afternoon and shelter when the weather turns. There is no wondering what they might become—only an appreciation for what they already are. In a world full of uncertainty, there is deep comfort in that kind of reliability.

Heifer calves, for all their promise, come with risk. They are still growing, still changing, still figuring out how to be cows. An udder has yet to develop. You don’t know how easily they’ll calve, how attentive they’ll be as mothers, or how they’ll handle the pressures of the herd. Sometimes they surprise you in the best way. Other times, they teach you hard lessons. That uncertainty is simply part of the heifer game.

A mature cow removes much of that guesswork. She has calved before. You know whether she raises a strong, healthy calf. You know if she breeds back reliably. You know if she stands quietly or brings unnecessary drama into the herd. What you see is what you get, and that clarity is invaluable. Especially for breeders who are building toward a specific vision.

Beyond their predictability, mature cows bring something harder to quantify but just as important: steadiness. Younger animals often take their cues from older cows, and when experienced matrons are present, the whole herd seems to breathe easier. They lead calmly to water, stand patiently at feeding time, and respond to change without panic. Their quiet confidence sets the tone.

There is also wisdom in choosing animals that have already proven their longevity. A cow that is still productive at ten, twelve, or fifteen years old is telling you a story—one of soundness, fertility, and adaptability. Those traits don’t happen by accident. They are built over time, shaped by good genetics and good management, and they are worth preserving.

For anyone focused on quality rather than quantity, mature cows are a powerful investment. They allow you to move forward with intention instead of hope. They let you build a herd based on evidence, not assumptions. And they reward you with consistency, both in temperament and in production.

In the end, mature cows remind us that not everything valuable is new. Sometimes the greatest strength comes from experience, patience, and having weathered a few seasons. When you welcome these cows into your herd, you’re not just buying an animal—you’re choosing calm, confidence, and the assurance of knowing exactly what you’re getting. When money and space allow for another addition to your farm, watch for herd dispersals. And when you find them, cherish those old ladies. There is a special satisfaction in knowing you made a good choice investing in a cow who has quietly proven herself over a lifetime.

About the Author:

Kimberly Jepsen is the heart behind MooShine Ridge in Vinita, Oklahoma, where she and her husband, Kevin, have been raising dual-purpose Dexter cows since 2015. Their little farm store is a labor of love, offering Dexter beef, raw milk, and artisan cheeses made from their own cows. Kimberly has a deep passion for the Dexter breed and loves nothing more than sharing what she’s learned over the years—whether it’s guiding fellow farmers, helping newcomers discover the joys of small-scale farming, or simply introducing people to the rich, creamy flavors of her handcrafted cheeses. For her, farming isn’t just a business—it’s a way to nurture animals, the land, and the community she cares about. https://mooshineridge.com/https://mooshineridge.com/

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Farm Management

Avoiding Injury

There have been more times than I care to admit where I did something dumb while working our Dexter cattle. In those situations I am always grateful we have chosen to raise Dexters. Even if I sustain an injury, it is much less severe than if I had been handling a full size cow.

Having the proper handling equipment, and having a “no crazy cows” policy on our farm has helped us avoid a lot of injuries. Here is a great article on cattle related injuries to farmers. Being informed and informed and aware goes a long way to keeping safe!

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Farm Management

Chores to Keep You Warm in Winter

There are some chores and activities that are more effective in the winter months. Like, for instance, the soil’s freezing and thawing causing seeds to be drawn in, and seeding to be more productive. Some farm tasks are just more enjoyable in the chilly winter air (who wants to split wood in the summer heat?). Dormant invasive plants can be cut back and pulled out (hopefully before the soil freezes). The article below does a great job of providing some farm tasks to keep you warm and working in the winter months. What farm chores are exclusively done on your farm in the winter?

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Farm Management

Building a Solid Foundation

This podcast sent me into a few fits of laughter with the speaker’s dry humor. Obviously this experienced vet has been around, and has seen a few things. And while Dexter cattle (including the bulls) tend to be smaller and easier to handle, I highly recommend implementing the recommendations in this podcast. Not only will it make handling your animals easier, it will set you up for a more successful relationship with your vet and your neighbors. 

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Farm Management

Selecting a Bull

Someone recently asked about selecting a bull calf with traditional Dexter characteristics. Many breeders more experienced than me have covered this topic, but having bred Dexters for quite a few years now (and made plenty of mistakes) I am adding my two cents to the topic.

Selecting a bull calf starts before they are even born – by deciding your breeding goals, doing your research, and by collecting as much information as you can about the parents and as far back in their pedigree as you are able.

  1. Decide on breeding goals: We selected Dexters for specific reasons, and those influence our breeding goals. We want cattle with good temperaments, easy to work with. We want low maintenance cattle; great foragers, good mothers, easy calvers, fertile, producing great beef and milk on low inputs. We also want cattle that people can look at and say, that is a Dexter!
  2. Research and information gathering: I read numerous breed standards for the Dexter, I looked at lots of historical photos of Dexters, I studied conformation photos, and I have visited many Dexter farms.
  3. Collecting information on parents: I keep records on our cattle; calving dates (the first cows to calve in your herd are generally the healthiest and most fertile), birth weights, weaning or butcher weights, general health, hoof trimming/care, calving issues, mastitis/udder issues etc. Then, I wait for my best cows to have bull calves. If I’m buying a bull, I am looking for this information from the seller.

Once I have a bull calf on the ground, I am going to be evaluating him from day 1, until his last day on earth. I am looking for him to meet my breeding goals, and the Dexter breed standard. These are the questions I am asking: Is he short and beefy? Is he proportionate? Does he have a nice wide Dexter face with placid eyes? Does he have a shiny coat? Is he curious about humans and his surroundings? I continue asking these questions throughout his life, and then at 10-12 months I’m starting to look for signs of sexual maturity. Is he very bullish looking? Is he getting a thick neck and thick curly hair on his neck and head? Does he have a deep bellow? Are his testicles football shaped, and do they hang evenly? Are his teats evenly spaced and sized? And again when he reaches 3 years of age (this is generally when they have reached their full height), is he in the average range for height and weight? What are his calves like, do I like their birth weight? Were there any calving issues, dystocia, etc? Are the calves vigorous and up nursing quickly? Are the calves growing well? And again when his heifer calves have their first calf, do I like their udder and teat conformation? Are they easy to milk? Do they have good mothering instincts? 

If at any time during his life he (or his offspring) stops meeting my goals, I am going to look to replace him with either another bull from my herd who I feel is an improvement (maybe even one of his sons), or an outside bull.

If there is one thing that has helped me most in selecting future herd sires, I think it would be looking at photos of bulls that embody the purebred Dexter (Hint: Try to go as far back in time as you can to get a complete picture).

In an ideal world we would be able to find or breed a great herd sire. But open cows are a financial drain, especially if it is a family milk cow! So, sometimes we have to make do with what is available. In that case, pick the best bull with the info available to you, with a plan to beef the offspring. If you get something extra special out of your bull (hey, we can all win the genetic lottery sometimes), use that calf to replace your bull.

I’ve included photos of two bulls at various ages that we have raised from birth to herd sires in our Dexter breeding program. Feel free to share feedback, I have not reached perfection yet 😄 I hope my experience and photos are helpful.

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Farm Management

Slow is Fast

“Slow is fast”, this is the phrase my dad says at least once or twice every time we work cattle. There are some things you just can’t rush, and cattle are one of them. While we have found our Dexters are easy to move and work with, here are some tips to become more proficient in handling cattle.

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Farm Management

Hay on the Brain

It’s hay season, which is always a hectic time of year in our area. You may not be ready to think about hay or winter, but you can usually get the best deals buying it right out of the field – and now is the time to do that!

Here is an article on tips for hay buying and making, with details on each animal’s nutritional needs.

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Farm Management

Control Weeds Naturally

As livestock farmers a large percent of our work goes into pasture and forage management. Invasive, non-local weeds can be a big pain, and some are even damaging to our animals (poisonous) and local forage. This article addresses simple, natural solutions to weed control on the farm. We have always had the most success by balancing the nutrients in the soil, and adding grazing animals at the right time.

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Farm Management
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